• "Project Final Report", 2024 submitted to EUDP 

Review on digital solutions for heat pump and refrigeration systems, DTU Construct

• ''Review on digital solutions for heat pump and refrigeration systems'', 2021, Aguilera et al.

Recommendations for suitable frameworks for digital twins of large-scale refrigeration systems and heat pumps, DTU Construct

• ''Recommendations for suitable frameworks for digital twins of large-scale refrigeration systems and heat pumps'', 2022, W. Meesenburg et al. 

Report on fault mechanisms in supermarket CO2 refrigeration systems and modelling approaches, DTI

• ''Fault mechanisms in supermarket CO2 refrigeration systems and modelling approaches'', 2021, C. Heerup et al. [confidential]

Detailed validated dynamic model of a supermarket refrigeration system, Danfoss

• Modelica models [confidential]

A documented method for generating grey-box models that are adaptive and suitable for monitoring purposes including the data basis as well as experiences of first applications summarized in a report or publication, DTU Compute

• "Estimation of evaporator valve sizes in supermarket refrigeration cabinets", Leerbeck et al. (2023), Journal of Process Control, 124, 2023, 179-186
  
• "Grey Box Modelling of Supermarket Refrigeration Room", K. Leerbeck, P. Bacher and C. Heerup, 2021 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET), Cape Town, South Africa, 2021, pp. 1-6
• "Grey box modeling of supermarket refrigeration cabinets", Leerbeck et al. (2023), Energy and AI, 11, 2023, 100211 
• “Identification of refrigeration load parameters for display cabinets from monitoring data”, A. Schulte et al., 16th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2024). Proceedings. Maryland, USA, August 11-14th 2024.

Report on fault mechanisms in large-scale heat pump systems, DTU Construct

• "Operational challenges in large-scale ammonia heat pump systems", Aguilera et al. (2021), In Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems 2021 (pp. 1842-1853 ). ECOS

• "A review of common faults in large-scale heat pumps", Aguilera et al. (2022), Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 168, [112826]

Detailed validated dynamic models for two large-scale heat pump systems, DTU Construct and DTI

• Modelica models [confidential]
• "Adaptive model-based monitoring of large-scale heat pump prone to evaporator fouling", Aguilera et al. (2023). Proceedings of the 26th International Congress of Refrigeration, ICR 2023. IIR.
• "Model-based analysis of a heat pump cascade system using seawater and ammonia as working fluids", Poulsen et al. (2022), Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems 2022 (p. 12). ECOS.   

Report or article about procedure to derive grey-box models from detailed dynamic models including demonstration and application to cases, DTU Mechanical Engineering and DTI

• "Online model-based framework for operation and fouling monitoring in a large-scale heat pump", Aguilera et al.(2023). Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems 2023. ECOS. 

Report/publication about the set point optimization for selected case studies finalized/submitted for publication, DTU Construct and DTU Compute

• "Digital twins for large-scale heat pumps and refrigeration systems - Example of digital twin based service: Optimization", J.L. Poulsen and J.J Aguilera, Køle- og varmepumpeforum 2023 - Update on Technical Application Advancements & 8th International Symposium on Advances in Refrigeration and Heat Pump Technology: Collection of presentations.

• "The influence of evaporation pressure dynamics on energy consumption", A. Schulte et al., ICR2023, 26th International Congress of Refrigeration, August 21st-25th, 2023, Paris, France

• "Gascooler optimal pressure revisited", Christian Heerup, 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen conference on Natural Refrigerants, June 13-15, 2022, Trondheim, Norway
• “Energy efficient control strategies in supermarket refrigeration systems”, A. Schulte et al., 8th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain, June 9-11 2024, Tokyo, Japan

A method for indicating the potential for supply of flexibility to the electricity grid based on current system conditions, DTU Construct

• "Operation optimization in large-scale heat pump systems: A scheduling framework integrating digital twin modelling, demand forecasting, and MILP", J. Aguilera et al. (2024), Applied Energy

A software tool and a report/publication for the optimization possibilities of the operating schedule considering periods for predictive maintenance, DTU Construct

• "Prediction of fouling in sewage water heat pump for predictive maintenance", Meesenburg et al. (2022). In Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems 2022 (p. 12). ECOS.
• "Real-time monitoring and optimization of a large-scale heat pump prone to fouling - towards a digital twin framework", Aguilera et al., Applied Energy, 365

Report/article about the methods for fault detection and diagnosis including the application to existing measurement data, TU Braunschweig

• "Integration of dynamic model and classification methods for fault detection and diagnosis in a chiller", Aguilera et al. (2022). In 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022): Proceedings International Institute of Refrigeration. 
• "Low charge detection method for supermarket refrigeration systems", Green et al., In 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022): Proceedings International Institute of Refrigeration.
  
• "Correlation Analysis of evaporation pressure readings in CO2 supermarket refrigeration systems", Schulte et al. 2022, In 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022): Proceedings International Institute of Refrigeration. 

Case I: Supermarket refrigeration

• "Demonstration of digital twins for supermarket refrigeration systems", 2024, F.D'Ettorre & C. Heerup

Case II:

Case III:

Report about the specifications for digital twins, Danfoss

• ''Information and services to be determined by digital twins'', 2021, L. Larsen & J. Lundsted Poulsen

Report about possible socioeconomic benefits and possibilities to exploit the potentials in a market and for different technologies

• "Guideline about digital twin services with experience", 2024, F.D'Ettorre & J. Aguilera